Dear Colleagues,

Urological diseases represent a significant global health burden, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. With the rapid advancement of medical imaging technologies, the landscape of diagnosis and treatment for urological conditions has undergone transformative changes in recent years. From bladder cancer and prostate diseases to kidney tumors and urinary tract disorders, precise imaging-based diagnosis and image-guided interventions have become indispensable in modern urological practice.

Recent technological breakthroughs in multiparametric MRI, PET/CT fusion imaging, artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis, and molecular imaging have revolutionized our ability to detect, characterize, and monitor urological diseases with unprecedented accuracy. Furthermore, the integration of advanced imaging modalities with minimally invasive therapeutic approaches—such as image-guided ablation, targeted radiotherapy, and real-time intraoperative imaging—has significantly improved treatment outcomes while reducing patient morbidity.

Despite these remarkable advances, several challenges remain. The optimal selection and standardization of imaging protocols, the integration of radiomics and artificial intelligence into clinical workflows, the identification of novel imaging biomarkers for early detection and treatment response prediction, and the cost-effectiveness of emerging technologies all warrant further investigation.

Therefore, we believe that gathering cutting-edge research and summarizing recent evidence in imaging diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases will help clinicians make more informed decisions, facilitate the translation of innovative technologies into clinical practice, and ultimately contribute to improved patient outcomes.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles and comprehensive reviews that address, but are not limited to, the following topics:

• Advanced imaging techniques (multiparametric MRI, PET/CT, PSMA imaging, etc.) in urological oncology
• Artificial intelligence and radiomics in urological imaging
• Image-guided minimally invasive interventions for urological diseases
• Molecular and functional imaging biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis
• Imaging-based treatment response assessment and monitoring
• Novel contrast agents and imaging probes for urological applications
• Standardization and quality assurance in urological imaging

We look forward to receiving your contributions to this exciting Special Issue.