Effect of filling rate on cystometric parameters in young and middle aged mice
Objectives: To investigate the effect of changing the bladder filling rate during cystometry in younger (2–3 months) and older (13–14 months) C57BL/6J male mice.
Methods: Cystometry was performed on mice under anesthesia. Voiding cycles were established in each mouse at a pump delivery rate of 17 µl/min. After 30 min, the rate was increased sequentially to 25, 33, 41 and 49 µl/min. Each rate was maintained for 30 min. The following cystometric parameters were quantified: peak pressure amplitude, intercontractile interval (ICI), compliance, micturition pressure threshold and voiding efficiency.
Results: Bladder weights were significantly greater in older mice (42 mg vs. 27 mg, P < 0.01), but functional capacities were not different. The pressure amplitudes did not change as filling rate increased, nor did they differ between the 4-month and 13-month-old males. ICIs were not significantly different between young and mature mice. However, both groups exhibited a non-linear reduction in ICI with increasing filling rate, best described by a power curve R2>0.93). Compliance was higher in the older mice at low filling rates (17 and 25 µl/min) but this difference diminished at higher rates. Compliance decreased with increasing flow rate in a non-linear manner, again with greater effects at low filling rates. Micturition pressure thresholds increased with increasing flow rate in a linear manner and older mice began voiding at higher pressures than younger. Both young and old mice exhibited voiding efficiencies of ~70%.
Conclusions: The rate of volume delivery has complex effects on the timing of voiding and compliance. These findings argue for greater standardization of cystometry protocols and further investigation into afferent signaling to higher centers at different filling rates.
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