POL Scientific / Bladder / Volume 12 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.14440/bladder.2024.0062
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The role and clinical potential of RNA modifications in bladder cancer

Yuqing Wu1† ,  Fenghao Zhang1† ,  Yufan Ying1 ,  Jiangfeng Li1 ,  Xiangyi Zheng1* ,  Liping Xie1,2*
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1 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
2 Ningbo Institute of Urology, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
Bladder 2025 , 12(1), e21200037; https://doi.org/10.14440/bladder.2024.0062
Submitted: 14 November 2024 | Revised: 24 December 2024 | Accepted: 11 February 2025 | Published: 6 March 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) represents a common malignancy and is characterized by high heterogeneity and complex biological behaviors, which pose substantial challenges to its effective treatment. Mounting evidence highlights the pivotal roles of ribonucleic acid (RNA) modifications, particularly N6-methyladenosine, alongside others such as 1-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytosine, N4-acetylcytidine, and 7-methylguanosine, in the regulation of the proliferation, migration, drug resistance, and immune evasion of BC cells. Objective: This article comprehensively reviewed the regulatory mechanisms and biological impacts of these RNA modifications in BC, with a focus on the interplay between RNA modifications and immune evasion, as well as their emerging roles in precision medicine. By looking into these underexplored areas, this work provided novel insights into RNA modifications as diagnostic markers, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets, paving the way for advancements in BC precision medicine. Conclusion: RNA modifications impact key processes such as proliferation, migration, drug resistance, and immune evasion of BC cells. Targeting RNA modification pathways offers promising strategies for enhancing the efficacy of current treatments for and overcoming drug resistance of BC.

Keywords
RNA modifications
m6A methylation
Bladder cancer
Drug resistance
Prognosis
Funding
This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 81972374) and the Zhejiang Province Medical and Health Scientific Research Project (grant number: 2023RC154).
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Conflict of interest
The authors declare no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
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