POL Scientific / Bladder / Volume 11 / Issue 4 / DOI: 10.14440/bladder.2024.0039
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REVIEW

Association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer: A systematic review

Sujatha Baddam1 ,  Amulya Varshini Banka2 ,  Shravani Divity3 ,  Maharshikumar Sandesara4 ,  Yethindra Vityala5*
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1 Department of General Medicine, Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, Alabama, 35801 United States
2 Department of General Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044 China
3 Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College Mahabubnagar, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, 509001 India
4 Department of General Medicine, C.U. Shah Medical College and Hospital, Surendranagar, 363001 India
5 Department of Pathology, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, 720054 Kyrgyzstan
Bladder 2024 , 11(4), e21200023; https://doi.org/10.14440/bladder.2024.0039
Submitted: 18 September 2024 | Revised: 5 November 2024 | Accepted: 13 November 2024 | Published: 17 December 2024
© 2024 by the Bladder published by POL Scientific. Licensee POL Scientific, USA. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) remains a significant global health concern, and its incidence is influenced by a wide array of factors, including geography, sex, and socioeconomic status. Objective: This systematic review evaluated the potential association between pioglitazone use and the risk of BC. We sought to determine whether pioglitazone, used in diabetes management, is associated with an increased risk of BC by reviewing recent studies. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published between January 31, 2018 and July 31, 2024. From an initial pool of 212 articles, 176 were excluded due to failure to meet the inclusion criteria, 24 were removed for inadequate data or unclear conclusions, and six were eliminated due to inaccessibility. Ultimately, six eligible studies were included in the final review. Results: Of the included studies, two suggested a potential association between pioglitazone use and an increased risk of BC, whereas four reported no statistically significant correlation. Conclusion: These mixed findings highlight the need for further research that accounts for confounding factors, such as treatment duration and patient demographics. This systematic review emphasizes the importance of cautious interpretation regarding the safety profile of pioglitazone in relation to BC risk.

Keywords
Bladder cancer
Drug safety
Pioglitazone
Systematic review
Type 2 diabetes
Funding
None.
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Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Bladder, Electronic ISSN: 2327-2120 Print ISSN: TBA, Published by POL Scientific
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